The Citadel

The Citadel (Jabal al-Qal’a) in Amman is one of the most iconic and historically significant landmarks in Jordan. Situated on a hill in the heart of the city, this ancient site offers a glimpse into the rich history of Amman and the larger Jordanian region. The Citadel dates back to the Bronze Age and has been home to numerous civilizations, including the Romans, Byzantines, and Umayyads. It provides visitors with a fascinating mix of ancient ruins, stunning views of the city, and insights into the diverse cultures that once inhabited the area. As one of the main tourist attractions in Amman, The Citadel offers both history enthusiasts and casual visitors an unforgettable experience.

How to Reach The Citadel, Amman

The Citadel is located in the center of Amman, making it easily accessible from various parts of the city. It is situated on a hill, so visitors can expect some uphill walking, but the views from the top are well worth the effort. The most convenient way to get to The Citadel is by taxi or private car, with the site being about a 10-minute drive from the city center. For those relying on public transport, there are several buses that stop near the Citadel, and taxis are readily available throughout Amman. If you're walking, the Citadel is about a 15-minute walk from the Roman Theater, another key landmark in Amman. While there is limited parking at the entrance, you can often find spaces around the surrounding streets.

Weather Around The Citadel, Amman

Amman has a Mediterranean climate, characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. The best time to visit The Citadel is during the spring (March to May) and autumn (September to November), when the weather is comfortable, and the temperatures range from 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F). These seasons are ideal for exploring the Citadel on foot and enjoying the outdoor atmosphere. Summer months (June to August) can get quite hot, with temperatures often exceeding 30°C (86°F), so it’s advisable to visit in the early morning or late afternoon. Winters (December to February) are generally mild, but it can get chilly, especially in the evenings, with temperatures averaging around 10°C (50°F) during the day.

Timing of The Citadel, Amman

The Citadel is open to visitors every day of the week. Its operating hours are typically from 8:00 AM to 6:00 PM, with some variation during holidays or special events. If you want to avoid crowds and the midday heat, it’s recommended to visit early in the morning or later in the afternoon. The Citadel is especially beautiful during sunrise and sunset, offering picturesque views of Amman and the surrounding hills. If you're visiting during the summer months, it’s advisable to check the exact timings in advance, as they may shift slightly to accommodate the longer daylight hours.

Why Is The Citadel Famous?

The Citadel is famous for its rich history, stunning archaeological ruins, and panoramic views of Amman. The site has been inhabited for thousands of years, making it one of the oldest continually occupied places in the world. The Citadel has been a strategic location for various ancient civilizations, and its ruins reflect this long history. Some of the most notable features of the Citadel include the Temple of Hercules, the Umayyad Palace, and the Byzantine Church, all of which offer a glimpse into the architectural and cultural diversity of the region. The Citadel is also home to the Jordan Archaeological Museum, which displays artifacts from the ancient civilizations that once ruled the area. The combination of history, stunning views, and rich archaeological heritage makes The Citadel one of the must-see destinations in Amman.

Entry and Visit Details About The Citadel, Amman

The entry fee for The Citadel is very reasonable, making it an affordable attraction for visitors. As of the latest information, the general entrance fee is about 3 JOD (Jordanian Dinars) for adults, with discounts available for students and children. Visitors under the age of 12 can enter for free. The Citadel also offers discounts for Jordanian citizens and residents. For those interested in learning more about the site, guided tours are available for an additional fee. These tours provide in-depth information about the history of the Citadel, its key features, and its importance to Jordan’s cultural heritage. The museum located within the Citadel also has an entrance fee, and it’s worth taking the time to explore the various artifacts and exhibitions it houses.

History and Architecture of The Citadel

The Citadel has a long and diverse history, with evidence of human habitation dating back to the Bronze Age (around 3000 BCE). Over the centuries, it has been controlled by various empires, including the Romans, Byzantines, and Umayyads. Each of these civilizations left their mark on the Citadel, contributing to its unique architecture and historical significance. One of the most famous features of the Citadel is the Temple of Hercules, which dates back to the Roman period. The temple's ruins include massive columns and a stone hand that is thought to represent the god Hercules. Another significant structure is the Umayyad Palace, which was built during the Umayyad Caliphate (661-750 CE). This palace complex includes several rooms, courtyards, and bathhouses, and it provides a glimpse into the opulent lifestyle of the Umayyad rulers. The Citadel also houses the Jordan Archaeological Museum, which displays ancient artifacts from these various civilizations, including pottery, statues, and coins.

Things to Do at The Citadel, Amman

There is plenty to see and do at The Citadel, whether you are interested in history, photography, or simply enjoying the views. Some of the top things to do at The Citadel include:

• Explore the Archaeological Sites: Take time to visit the Temple of Hercules, the Umayyad Palace, and the Byzantine Church. Each of these sites offers a unique perspective on the different civilizations that once occupied the area.
• Visit the Jordan Archaeological Museum: The museum is located within The Citadel and showcases a variety of artifacts from ancient Jordan. Exhibits include prehistoric tools, Roman statues, and pieces from the Islamic period.
• Enjoy the Panoramic Views: From the top of the Citadel, visitors can enjoy spectacular views of Amman, including the Roman Theater, the King Abdullah Mosque, and the surrounding hills. It’s a perfect spot for photography.
• Learn About the History: Take a guided tour or use an audio guide to gain more insight into the history and significance of The Citadel. The guides are knowledgeable and provide fascinating details about the site’s past.
• Relax in the Courtyards: After exploring the ruins, take a break and relax in the peaceful courtyards. The Citadel is a tranquil place to sit and reflect on the history you’ve just experienced.

Facts About The Citadel, Amman

• The Citadel has been continuously inhabited for thousands of years, with evidence of settlement dating back to the Bronze Age.
• The site was used as a military stronghold due to its strategic location on a hilltop overlooking Amman.
• One of the most famous structures at the Citadel is the Temple of Hercules, which was built during the Roman period in the 2nd century CE.
• The Umayyad Palace complex includes several rooms, a mosque, and bathhouses, providing insight into the daily life of the Umayyad rulers.
• The Citadel is home to one of the largest collections of ancient artifacts in Jordan, many of which are displayed at the Jordan Archaeological Museum.

Tips for Visiting The Citadel, Amman

• Wear Comfortable Shoes: The Citadel is built on a hill, and there is quite a bit of walking involved, so comfortable footwear is essential.
• Bring Water: The weather in Amman can get quite hot, especially during the summer months, so it’s a good idea to bring water to stay hydrated.
• Arrive Early: To avoid the crowds, it’s recommended to visit early in the morning or later in the afternoon, particularly during peak tourist seasons.
• Take Photos: The Citadel offers great opportunities for photography, especially with its stunning views of Amman and the ancient ruins.
• Check for Special Events: The Citadel occasionally hosts cultural events, concerts, or exhibitions. Check the local schedule to see if anything is happening during your visit.

Conclusion

The Citadel in Amman is a must-visit destination for anyone interested in the rich history and culture of Jordan. From its ancient ruins to its panoramic views, the site offers a unique and memorable experience. Whether you’re a history buff, a photography enthusiast, or simply someone looking to enjoy a peaceful moment in the heart of Amman, The Citadel has something for everyone. Be sure to include this historical gem in your itinerary when visiting the capital of Jordan!